The data in Table 2 shows that with the expansion of the cavity in the past 10 years, the diamond data has been rapidly improved, the single-synthesis yield of diamond is getting higher and higher, and the diamond compressive strength and thermal shock toughness (TTI) are greatly improved. As the degree increases, the unit cost continues to decline.
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China is a superhard material country but not a strong country. Compared with countries with advanced international industries, China still has a certain gap. Mainly manifested in: small tonnage of synthetic equipment, small volume of synthetic high pressure reaction chamber, low single output, unstable quality and so on.
In recent years, China's superhard materials manufacturing industry has made historic progress. There are three main characteristics in the development of diamond synthesis technology: 1. The cylinder diameter of the press is getting larger and larger, the cylinder diameter is from 230mm to 1000mm, and each expansion is a span. 2. The synthesis chamber is getting larger and larger, and the expansion of the synthesis chamber means a single production and product quality improvement as well as a cost reduction. 3. The particle size distribution is getting thicker and thicker, from the original master granularity of 80/100 to the current 25/30. This is a sign of China's progress in coarse-grained high-strength and high-grade diamond synthesis technology. .jpg)
Grinding tools based on diamonds are widely used in many fields such as machinery, electronics, optical glass and gem processing, drilling and mining, and construction. With the continuous improvement of the industrial technology level, the demand for diamonds is increasing, and the requirements for diamond grades are getting higher and higher.
In recent years, in order to meet the needs of the market, China's superhard material manufacturing industry has expanded the synthetic press reaction chamber as a key development project, focusing on improving the single-production yield, grade and coarse-grained concentration of diamond products. Research and development, and achieved significant results, the Yellow River, Central South, Huajing Company have successively developed large-scale six-sided diamond synthesis presses with diameters of 600mm or more, such as UDS, YG-4, HJ-650 and HJ-1000.
The domestic press chamber needs to be further expanded. At present, the number of presses with a diameter of 600 mm or more accounts for about 30%, and the rest is 600 mm or less, and the diameter of 400 mm accounts for a large amount. This has restricted the development of China's diamond synthesis technology to a certain extent. The use of large bore large tonnage presses and the expansion of synthetic cavities are the development direction of the industry. For example, HJ-1000 Synthetic Press is the only special large-scale synthetic diamond special press in Zhengzhou Huajing Diamond Co., Ltd. with independent intellectual property rights. The diameter of the synthetic cavity can reach 72mm, and the single output is 700-720 carats. The synthetic conversion rate is high, the particle size is concentrated and coarse; the indexes are obviously improved compared with the small bore diameter and the small cavity. The synthesized diamond crystal form is a complete regular hexahedral-octahedral polymorphism with sharp edges, smooth surface, transparent color, less impurities and defects, less polycrystalline grains and high impact toughness, reaching the international advanced level. It has ended the history that China cannot manufacture large-tonnage presses and cannot mass-produce high-grade diamonds, and has improved the international competitiveness of its products. Table 2 lists the experimental data of high yield, high grade rate and low cost energy consumption for large cavity synthesis. .jpg)
The HJ-1000 press is the world's largest six-face press. The characteristics of this extra-large press are: 1. For the first time, the cylinder-to-beam structure is adopted. The equipment is neutral, the tonnage is high, and the synthetic gauge pressure is low. The pressure loss of the press is small and the investment is small. 2. The system structure of centralized fuel supply of the central fuel tank and independent control of the multi-stage oil passages greatly reduces the input and production consumption of the equipment compared with the conventional press. 3. The HJ-1000 press is supercharged with an ultra-high pressure radial piston pump to achieve continuous infinite pressurization, which meets the requirements of slow pressurization in the process. The press adopts the latest successful linear test. The unpowered pressure relief method can achieve uniform pressure relief, improve the service life of the cemented carbide, and further reduce the production cost.
The demand for synthetic diamonds at home and abroad has shown two remarkable characteristics: first, the demand for high-strength and high-toughness synthetic diamonds; second, the rapid growth in demand for synthetic diamonds in developing countries. It is an inevitable trend for the development of the diamond industry to promote the application of large presses and expand the synthesis cavity to improve the high grade rate and low cost.
About the author: Zuo Hongsen, director of the Department of Superhard Materials Abrasives Engineering, Henan University of Technology, has long been engaged in the teaching and research of superhard materials abrasives. He has been involved in the creation of superhard materials and products.
Abstract China is a big country with superhard materials, but it is not a strong country. Compared with countries with advanced international industries, China still has a certain gap. Mainly manifested in: small tonnage of synthetic equipment, small volume of synthetic high pressure reaction chamber, low single output, unstable quality and so on. In recent years, China's superhard materials...