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"Pulverized fertilization" is also called water-flooding. Usually, it is made of water-soluble fertilizer, mainly nitrogen fertilizer and potassium fertilizer. The water solubility of the two is strong. The combination of fertilizer and water allows the soluble nitrogen and potassium nutrients to penetrate into the soil and then absorb the roots of the crop. The fertilization is the fertilization, and the irrigation method can be divided into well irrigation and irrigation, including drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation. In some places, management is extensive and even flooded with large water to apply fertilizer. This method of fertilization with large water flooding highlights a word of “rushingâ€, which easily causes a large loss of nitrogen and also causes a problem of low water utilization.
At present, fertilization is widely used in greenhouse cultivation and open vegetables. Because the fertilizer effect of the fertilization is fast, it is in line with the psychology of some growers. Therefore, the fertilization has developed rapidly in recent years, in addition to vegetables and other cash crops. This has also stimulated a large number of small packages of "ammonium nitrate", "potassium nitrate" and other water-soluble fertilizers have been listed. These small packaged fertilizers are more expensive.
In evaluating the application prospects of fertilization, it is first necessary to understand the purpose of fertilization in modern agriculture, not only for the high yield of crops, but also from the comprehensive benefits of economic benefits and environmental ecology, and appropriate application of fertilization. Also pay attention to comprehensive benefits. To this end, we must master the technical essentials of “flushing and fertilizing†so that it can use its advantages to overcome shortcomings. Note the following 4 points:
First, choose the type of fertilizer that is fertilized. Only water soluble fertilizers can be applied with water. Urea, ammonia, ammonium sulfate and ammonium nitrate are commonly used in nitrogen fertilizer; potassium chloride and potassium sulfate are used in potassium fertilizer, and potassium nitrate is also used. However, even the water-soluble phosphorus monoammonium and phosphodiammonium in the phosphate fertilizer should not be applied. The reason is that the phosphate fertilizer has poor mobility after dissolution and cannot penetrate into the root layer with water. For this reason, the best application of phosphate fertilizer can only be layered into the soil to improve its utilization.
The nutrient content of a single application of fertilization must be appropriate. In the high-yield vegetable planting, the amount of pure nitrogen per mu should be controlled at 2 to 4 kg, especially the nitrate nitrogen should be controlled below 2 to 3 kg/mu. The limited amount of potassium fertilizer (potassium oxide) is generally per acre. 2 to 4 kg. Otherwise, the waste and loss of nutrients are large, which not only reduces the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer, but also may cause pollution to water quality. The fertilization of the whole growth period is generally recommended twice. The period of crop fertilization is in the large growing period of crops. For example, fruit and vegetables are applied in the fruiting period and after picking the fruits. In the cultivation of autumn vegetables, the temperature is selected to drop, the mineralization of soil is reduced, and the vegetable crop is suitable for a large number of growing seasons.
Control of irrigation volume. Under the irrigation mode, the flooding is prevented from flooding. When the canal is filled, the depth of the ditch is appropriate to the amount of water to prevent the nutrients dissolved in the water from being lost with water.
Although the fertilizer application efficiency is fast, if the pursuit of the apparent effect, regardless of cost, the use of a large amount of nitrogen fertilizer on one side, the abuse of fertilization, will lead to long vegetables and reduced fertilizer utilization.
In short, the method of fertilization should be used in a timely and appropriate amount, mainly for the application of nitrogen and potassium in intensive vegetables. There are several kinds of fertilizers that should not be applied, one does not apply phosphorus, the other does not apply granule compound fertilizer, the third does not apply solid organic fertilizer, and the four do not apply microbial preparations.
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