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Good soil conditions are the basis for high quality and high yield of fruit trees. How to fertilize the soil of the orchard, especially how to cultivate soil with salt, thin, too heavy or too light, lack of fertilizer and other undesirable traits? 1. Guest soil: soil with bad traits, not only the soil nutrient content is low, the nutrient is not balanced, and the soil water, gas and heat conditions are not coordinated, and the soil biological condition is also poor. To provide a good soil condition for fruit trees, especially young trees, light and fertile tillage soils can be used, and then mixed with chicken manure, pig manure or cow dung, which is about 1/3 to 1/2 of the soil weight. Mix well and mix it with nutritious soil to make backfill. In this way, the soil nutrients become rich, the physical properties of the soil become better, and the soil microorganisms, especially the soil microbial activity, are improved, which is beneficial to the survival and growth of the young trees. In order to make the soil space as large as possible, the tree pit can be enlarged, preferably from 1 to 1.5 meters square. For saline soil, the guest soil also has the effect of separating salt and buffering salt and alkali. 2 , cover: in the spring and autumn twice around the tree 1 to 2 meters covered with a layer of 3 to 5 cm of wheat straw, wheat bran or broken corn stover and other crop straw, can play a role in salt suppression, water retention, calming the ground. After being ploughed and ploughed, the straw can be converted into soil organic matter, releasing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, zinc, iron and other elements, reducing soil bulk density, increasing soil porosity, improving soil aeration, and facilitating soil biological growth and development. It is best to combine the mulch film to make full use of its advantages. 3, the application of organic fertilizer: organic fertilizer nutrient comprehensive, rich in organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements, is essential for soil fertility, fertilizer, arable, soil bulk density, soil biology. According to research, many excellent characteristics of high-yield orchard soils are closely related to their high soil organic matter content. The application of organic fertilizer is one of the effective ways to fertilize the soil and overcome the soil deficiency, salt, and physical and chemical properties. 4. Balanced fertilization: In view of the lack of fertilizer, poor fertility, nutrient imbalance, salinity, etc., combined with the law of fertilizer absorption of fruit trees, balanced application of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace element fertilizers can effectively Fertilize the soil, save fertilizer, reduce the harm, and improve the quality of the fruit. 5, intercropping green manure: green manure crop yield high, good fertilizer effect, not only can increase soil organic matter, improve soil physical and chemical properties, maintain water and soil, but also can be used as feed, returning to the field. Green manure is easy to cultivate and has low cost. It is a good source of fertilizer. Intercropping green manure is an effective measure for fertilizing and making full use of orchard soil. Green manure crops such as hazelnuts, grass mites, alfalfa and mung beans are suitable for orchard intercropping.
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