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The contact surface (interface) between the substance and the substance, with the flexible movement and alignment of the atoms on the surface, generates a strong adsorption force and forms a frictional force. The bonding force between the carbon atoms constituting the graphene is very strong, and the atoms are almost immobile, so the atoms are not aligned, and the adsorption force generated by the interface is weak.
In order to find out the super-lubrication caused by graphene, it is necessary to perform nano-scale friction characteristics detection on the interface between the substrate material and graphene. However, it has hitherto been difficult to arrange the atomic structure of the interface and the graphene in which the crystal faces are aligned in the surface of the substrate. This problem was solved by the method of producing graphene nanoribbons on the surface of a clean gold substrate, and direct motion was successfully confirmed by scanning tunneling microscopy and atomic force microscopy. 
Conceptual diagram of the phenomenon of ultra-lubrication. The green spheres represent the atoms in the molecular chain moving on the surface of the substrate, the red wavy lines indicate the potential irregularities on the surface of the substrate, and the purple spheres represent the interaction forces. 
Figure A is an image of the observation of the movement of graphene nanoribbons using a scanning tunneling microscope. The place where the double layer image indicates movement. The left side of the graph B is an image in which the internal structure of the graphene nanoribbon is directly observed by an atomic force microscope.
In addition, the results of the experiment of picking up one end of the graphene by the probe of the scanning tunneling microscope showed that the frictional force was changed in a period of 0.28 nm which is equivalent to the distance between the gold atoms on the gold surface. This is due to the influence of the unevenness of the surface of the gold substrate on the hexagonal closest packed lattice structure (HCP) and the face centered cubic lattice structure (FCC) called a herringbone structure. It has been confirmed that the results calculated by the molecular dynamics method are consistent with the observations.
This is part of Japan's JST strategic creation research promotion business, and is jointly researched with Dresden University of Technology, Swiss Federal Institute for Materials Testing, Polymer Research Institute of Max Planck Institute of Germany, and University of Basel, Switzerland. The results have been published in the online issue of Science, Science, February 26 (US time). (Contributing author: Kudo Kudo)
Abstract [Nikkei BP News Agency] Japan Science and Technology Promotion Agency (JST) announced on February 26, 2016 that the observation of "ultra-lubrication phenomenon" caused by the action of graphene has become very low, and it has been successful. Know its machine...
[Nikkei BP News Agency] Japan Science and Technology Promotion Agency (JST) announced on February 26, 2016 that the observation of "ultra-lubrication phenomenon" caused by the action of graphene has become very low, and it has been found The mechanism. It is said that in the future, it is expected to coat a surface with graphene to reduce the friction between mechanical parts to achieve ultra-thin solid lubricant technology.