The brick-concrete structure refers to the use of bricks or masonry for the walls, columns, etc. of the vertical load-bearing structures in the building, and the reinforced concrete structures for the beams, floors, and roof slabs that support the transverse load. In other words, the brick-concrete structure is a structure bearing a small part of reinforced concrete and most of the brick walls. The brick-concrete structure is a kind of mixed structure. It is a mixed structure system composed of brick walls, reinforced concrete beams, columns and plates. It is suitable for buildings with small openings, small rooms, multi-storey or low-rise buildings, which cannot be modified for load-bearing walls, but the frame structure can be modified for most of the walls. Everyone may be more concerned about the earthquake-resistant grade of the brick-concrete structure. How is the earthquake-resistant grade of the brick-concrete structure divided? Let me show you the answers one by one. What is a brick-concrete structure The brick-concrete structure generally refers to the use of brick masonry as internal and external load-bearing walls or partition walls. Floors, roofs, beams, and columns (or brick columns) are the loads on which reinforced concrete acts on the wall columns, mainly transmitted by beams and slabs. The living and constant loads on the roof and floor cover come to the foundation through the pillar foundation. A part of the horizontal load (such as wind load) acting on the vertical wall is directly transmitted from the vertical wall to the horizontal wall. The other part is transmitted to the horizontal wall through the roof and the floor, then transmitted from the horizontal wall to the foundation, and finally transmitted to the foundation. The thickness and length of the load-bearing wall are determined by calculation based on the strength and stability requirements. The beams in the brick-concrete structure include door and window lintels, ring beams, awning beams, balcony beams, stair beams, etc. The lengths, reinforcements, and cross-sectional dimensions of these beams are all in addition to the ring beams, and the rest are Through calculation and design, the main function of the ring beam is to improve the spatial stiffness of the house, increase the integrity of the building, and improve the shear strength and tensile strength of the masonry masonry, so the ring beam is not a load-bearing beam, and when the ring beam is used as a lintel , only in the beam section according to the design of reinforcement, other parts are still according to the structure of reinforcement, there are many to treat the ring beam as a bearing beam, free to knock down the ring beam under the wall, leaving unsafe hidden dangers. The “brick†in a brick-concrete structure refers to a uniform size building material, but also other types of heterogeneous clay bricks, hollow bricks, and so on. “Mixing†refers to reinforced concrete ingredients prepared from steel bars, cement, gravel, and water in certain proportions, including floors, lintels, stairs, balconies, and rafts. These fittings are combined with the bearing walls made of bricks and can be called brick-concrete structures. Due to the requirements of earthquake resistance, brick-concrete houses are generally below the 5th and 6th floors. The brick-concrete structure refers to the use of bricks or masonry to erect the walls of the vertical load-bearing structures in the building. The columns, beams, floors, roof panels, and trusses are reinforced concrete structures. Generally speaking, the brick-concrete structure is a structure with a small part of reinforced concrete and most of the brick walls, and is also called reinforced concrete mixed structure. Because the main load-bearing structure of the brick-concrete structure is a clay brick, the shape and strength of the brick determine the strength of the house. It can be said that the more regular the shape of the brick, the higher the strength of the mortar, the thinner and more even the mortar joint, the higher the strength of the masonry, and the longer the durability of the house. Brick and concrete structure features The load-bearing structure of a frame structure house is a beam, a plate, and a column, and the load-bearing structure of the house of a brick-concrete structure is a floor and a wall. In terms of firmness, theoretically speaking, the firmness of the frame structure can be greater than that of the brick-concrete structure. Therefore, when the brick-concrete structure is used for architectural design, the height cannot exceed 6 layers, and the frame structure can be dozens of layers. However, in the actual construction process, the state stipulated that the building must achieve the earthquake-resistant grades, whether it is a brick or a concrete frame, to achieve this level, and the developers will use the frame structure to build the house, but also not to improve the building's robustness. Increase investment as long as you meet the earthquake rating. In terms of sound insulation effect, the soundproof effect of brick-concrete dwellings is moderate, and the soundproof effect of frame structure depends on the choice of partition materials. Some advanced partition materials have better sound insulation than bricks, while ordinary partition materials such as cement Hollow plates and the like have very poor sound insulation. If you want to renovate the interior space, because most of the walls are not bearing, the frame structure is relatively simple to transform. It can be knocked on the wall. Many brick walls in the brick-concrete structure are load-bearing structures that are not allowed to be dismantled. Only a few non-load-bearing walls can make a fuss. A simple way to distinguish between bearing walls and non-bearing walls is to look at the original structure drawings. Generally, a wall with a wall thickness of 240 mm is load-bearing, and a 120 mm or thinner wall is non-load-bearing, but sometimes it is designed to be flush with a beam or a load-bearing wall. Flat, non-bearing walls will also be 240mm thick. The advantages of brick-concrete structure mainly include: 1Because bricks are the smallest standardized components, they require low construction site and construction technology and can be built into various shapes of walls. 2 It has good durability, chemical stability and atmospheric stability. 3 can save cement, steel and wood, without the template, lower cost. 4 The construction technology and construction equipment are simple. The sound insulation and thermal insulation of 5 bricks are superior to those of concrete and other wall materials, and thus are most commonly used in residential construction. Construction problems easily overlooked The civil construction drawing of the house includes the construction drawing and the construction drawing of the building. There are two types of problems which are easy to present [2]. One is the modification of the plan caused by the plan (Architecture: It is suitable for the environment of the area and the owner’s Needs, fire safety considerations in line with industry standards; structural aspects: height should be limited, appropriate aspect ratio; flat facades should be regular, seismic wall layout is reasonable; local size control). The irrational construction drawings, these problems are often overlooked, leaving regret. The problems easily appearing in the civil construction drawings of brick-concrete dwellings are described as follows: Architectural aspects: 1. Shared stairs: The width of the stairways below the sixth floor and the sixth floor can be 2.4 meters, and the width of the stairs in the seventh floor is 2.5 meters. 2. Seven-layer bricks must be provided with fire doors when they are mixed into the door, or the roof of the stairwell can be used as roof gas floor. 3, doors and windows selection. Selection principles: On the basis of ensuring the safety of tenants, as far as the economy allows, choose to enlarge the lighting area of ​​the house (increasing the window to ground ratio [1]) to set the air permeability of the partial room (such as the bathroom). Doors and windows, divided by materials, have aluminum alloy doors and windows, steel doors and windows, plastic doors and windows and wooden doors and windows; from the perspective of increasing the transmittance of houses, steel windows are the best; from the perspective of promoting the modernization of housing industry, the selection of plastic windows is the best; from insulation In terms of thermal insulation performance, steel doors and windows are the worst; from the economic point of view, wooden doors and windows are the most economical. 4, embedded in the wall, the kitchen niche and the living room shoe (Figure 1) if located on a separate wall, do not use anti-theft. It should be set on the wall of the room. 5. The bright child at the door of the sub-room (bedroom, kitchen) overlaps with the hanging cabinet in the room. The bright child acts like a dummy and causes waste. 6. The height of the balcony handrail should be 1.1 meters, and the height of the window sill should be 0.9 meters. The two should not be the same. 7. The bottom tenants, due to improper handling of the building structures, caused the groundwater to dew due to the capillary action that caused the ground to wet and the wet season. Structural measures can be taken to avoid: a. The indoor ground should generally be more than 0.3 meters above the outdoor ground. When the groundwater level is high, it should be more than 0.5 meters above the ground. b. Drains or pipes can be installed around the house to drain water at any time. c. Ground treatment is used to prevent ground air condensation caused by moist air intrusion, and to treat groundwater due to capillary action. This is also a practice. 8, roof insulation layer. The quality of the cast-in-place roof insulation layer is often affected by the weather and the operator's degree of water control, so that the insulation effect cannot meet the requirements. If prefabricated insulation laminates are used, these problems can be solved and are economically reasonable. Vibration resistance of brick-concrete structure How to determine the earthquake-resistant grade of brick-concrete structure? The earthquake-resistance measures of brick-concrete structure are based on "earthquake" such as earthquake fortification intensity, number of houses, and height, but are not classified as "seismic grade". The anti-seismic measures are "seismic design contents other than seismic calculation and resistance calculation, including seismic structure measures." Therefore, the brick-concrete structure has no earthquake-resistant grades, but the requirements for seismic fortification intensity must be met. To put it plainly, there is only a certain amount of crack resistance. But not earthquake. For different structures, seismic fortification has different requirements. We say that the earthquake resistance level is only found in high-rise and multi-story reinforced concrete structures, and there is no brick-concrete structure. In the brick-concrete structure, you should set up structural pillars, ring beams, and other structural measures in accordance with the requirements of seismic codes. However, the 6 degree seismic structure is not much different from non-seismic. Editor's summary: Brick-concrete structures are most suitable for low-rise or multi-storey buildings. High-rise buildings mostly use reinforced concrete structures. Due to poor stability and waste of resources, China's newly built multi-storey and high-rise buildings have begun to phase out brick-concrete structures. After reading the above introduction, we learned more about the characteristics of the brick-concrete structure. The most important thing is to clarify the misunderstanding of the earthquake-resistant grades of the brick-concrete structure. Brick and concrete structure Spring decoration knowledge Decoration material knowledge Autumn decoration knowledge House decoration budget list Brick and concrete structure Seismic rating Oil Tank Gauging Tape,Oil Depth Tape Measure,Steel Gauging Tape,Handheld Gauging Tape Yucheng Weisite Measuring Tools Co., Ltd , https://www.wsttool.com
