As the saying goes: Real gold is not afraid of fire, but not all real gold is not afraid of fire? Ceramic identification experts will tell you: not necessarily. In Jackie Chan’s "The Zodiac" movie, there is a scene in which the anti-counterfeiters use X-rays to change the ceramic age. Even experts and high-tech detectors can hardly see their true identity. The authenticity and breaking of ceramics has always been a topic of concern to the majority of collectors. The “eye-catching†of experts has also caused troubles in the identification field from time to time. Just as some people question whether the traditional “eyes†can identify all the “real goldâ€, the scientific identification of this eager newborn is also difficult due to various challenges. How high is the technology content? Not long ago, the first national cultural relics and materials exchange technology exchange symposium was held in the Redwood Antique City of Pingzhou, Nanhai, Foshan City, Guangdong Province. The most notable of the exchange was the exhibition of more than 90 pieces of cultural relics launched by the Judicial Appraisal Center of the Southwest University of Political Science and Law. Each exhibit passed the judicial identification and obtained the “ID cardâ€. Judicial evidence identification, this term is still the first time many collectors have heard, what kind of identification technology is it? The staff of the Judicial Appraisal Center of Southwest University of Political Science and Law said that the works of art and cultural works exhibited in this batch were all based on a judicial identification technology called natural aging microscopic trace evidence. The technology relies mainly on DM digital microscopic multi-function. Forensics instrument for high-definition observation. Taking ancient ceramics as an example, the silicate materials in its composition will show signs of aging under the influence of time, space and natural environment, such as glaze aging, natural wear, and patina. Researchers need to observe the structural characteristics of some aging marks on ancient ceramics by means of microscopic instruments and high-power digital photography techniques, and summarize and summarize the database to use as a reference for comparison. For example, the natural aging traces of the official kiln tiles in the Song Dynasty will show a geometric pattern under the instrument test. The enamel enamel tiles will show the accumulation of plaques on the kiln tiles in the Yuan Dynasty, and the semi-annular corrosion lines will appear on the pots in the Qing dynasty sauce glaze. Etc., then these features will be included as reference information in the database. It is worth mentioning that this technology does not need to take samples from the objects, and the testing equipment does not need to touch the objects, so the artifacts will not be damaged. According to the director of the center, Yi Wei said, “With the development of the social economy and the warming of the collection, the number of commissions related to cultural relics and art has gradually increased. This has led us to focus on the judicial appraisal of cultural relics and cultural evidence.†Most of the audiences who use the identification of judicial material identification technology to identify cultural relics and art objects are private collectors trapped in lawsuits. They need a judicial appraisal certificate to prove the authenticity of the cultural relics involved. "In the identification of natural aging microscopic traces of judicial evidence, we will charge different price points according to the kiln mouth, the period of time and whether it is a fine product. For example, to identify a piece of ordinary porcelain from the folk kiln, the minimum cost is 2,000 yuan, if Need to issue a judicial identification certificate, but also need to charge." Yi said. Scientific with an instrument? Judicial evidence identification is so amazing, can crack the ceramic identification password? The supporter of the natural aging microscopic traces of judicial material identification technology, and the person in charge of promoting the technology in the judicial appraisal center of Southwest University of Political Science and Law in Beijing, Mr. Liang told the author, "The characteristics of natural aging traces on ancient porcelain glaze and ceramic new products, imitation There are obvious differences between the products and the old porcelains, and they are artificially unrepeatable. The accuracy of the technology is close to 100%. However, many collectors have doubts about this. In terms of aging of the glaze, since the enamel of the porcelain itself is relatively thick and not easy to fade, the aging phenomenon of the porcelain in the Qing Dynasty that has been passed down to the present is not obvious and difficult to distinguish. Not only that, the porcelain in the same period comes from the tombs, some in the hands of collectors, and different porcelain preservation environments such as temperature, humidity and other conditions, it is likely to cause the same period, the same category, the same kiln The porcelain, the characteristics of its glaze will also be significantly different. This information is like a star, a lot different, and how to identify it? According to reports, the natural aging microscopic traces of the judicial evidence identification technology relies on the instrument DM digital microscopic multi-function forensics instrument, is not a novelty. The instrument has been widely used in public security criminal investigation work, through which high-definition observation can be realized. In other words, the DM digital micro-multi-function forensic instrument puts the function of the human eye to the maximum. "Only through this instrument can we see the microscopic traces on the ceramic, but ultimately we must rely on human experience and knowledge to judge the authenticity and breaking of ceramics. So the key issue of this technology is that it must be built a reliable Database. There are many ancient kiln sites in China. The porcelains produced in different kiln sites in different time periods are more or less different in structure. The data of these porcelains are all found together, and then the natural aging traces of each porcelain are analyzed one by one. The microscopic characteristics are almost impossible." Dr. Li from the Institute of Polymer Materials and Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, told the author. In his view, the construction of the database is a big project, which is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also highly demanding for the professional quality of the participants. “It is not only necessary to have a background in engineering, but also a certain understanding of cultural relics.†The porcelain collection circle knows such a story: in order to let a fake blue-and-white fake escape the scientific appraisal, the faker will put a real fetal bottom on the fake bottle. Because the counterfeiters know that according to some scientific and technological identification methods that have appeared before, the appraisers can only take a small hole from the bottom of the porcelain bottle to collect samples and take them for testing. Nowadays, the natural aging microscopic trace identification technology is not used for sampling. From the perspective of traces, how reliable is the microscopic image as the basis for judgment? "So far, the error rate of scientific identification in the generation of dating is still difficult to calculate. For example, the carbon 14 measurement technology recognized by the academic community, although it can identify the authenticity of cultural relics, but its range of dying is 5,000 years, like the Ming Dynasty In the Qing Dynasty, it was less than 300 years, and the time was too short. With this technology, it was impossible to determine the age of cultural relics. The error rate of natural aging microscopic trace identification technology can not be seen. Data. So, the fact that the instrument does not mean that the result is science," Dr. Li said. Technology identification is so difficult In the field of cultural relics appraisal, scientific and technological appraisal has always been in a difficult situation. In recent years, there is no shortage of scientific and technological “darlings†in the art and cultural relics identification field. Thermoluminescence tests, qualitative and quantitative determination of elements have been extremely popular, but they have been cracked by counterfeiters in the near future. Then, as a latecomer, does the natural aging microscopic trace identification technology have a powerful "defense system" that can not be attacked by "hackers"? In the eyes of many porcelain collectors, no matter how high the scientific and technological content of science and technology identification, it can not replace the traditional "eye" identification. A Beijing-based porcelain collector, Mr. Wang, said: “The database built on the traditional 'eyes' has not been digitized, but the experience and knowledge passed down from generation to generation is more reliable and comprehensive. It is based on historical documents. The archaeological excavation, the comparison of various historical chronological characteristics, and many other factors, and the traditional identification will not only identify from the traces, but also comprehensively examine its texture, fetal bottom, shape, glaze and other aspects, avoiding scientific and technological identification. Uniformity." In addition, the fun of collecting is not only the ultimate in the collection of cultural relics, but also the greater charm lies in the process of research and analysis, with the growth of knowledge, the accumulation of experience, and the debate between many Tibetans. Friendship, there is no shortage of such stories in the Tibetan world. “If the scientific and technological appraisal replaces the traditional 'eye school', then the cultural relics art market will probably become a clear-price shopping mall. Will there be so many scholars and experts to study it? When the academic development is stagnant, the meaning of the collection is also It was terminated." Mr. Zhang, a fan of Beijing calligraphy and painting collection, said bluntly. In the eyes of more industry insiders, relying solely on scientific and technological identification can not solve all the problems in the identification of cultural relics. At present, various non-destructive testing methods require the support of advanced equipment, and are not portable. Moreover, these methods rely on a large database, and the part not covered in the database is a blank area in the detection. This is a loophole and will be awarded. Take the handle. On the other hand, due to the lack of uniform standards for the identification of domestic cultural relics, even with the same instruments, the operators are different, and the results identified are likely to be different. “So, technology identification is still in a perfect process, and it is more suitable to play an auxiliary role,†said Mr. Wang, a porcelain collector. Galvanized Welded Wire Mesh,Welded Wire Mesh Fence,Garden Welded Mesh,Welded Wire Mesh Galvanized Shenzhou City Hongda Hardware Products Co.,Ltd , https://www.szhdhardware.com